The Most Common Types of Roof Leaks and How to Fix Them

A commercial roof is a crucial investment that protects your business, employees, and assets from the elements. However, leaks can lead to expensive repairs, structural damage, and disruptions to daily operations. Recognizing the most common types of roof leaks early can help prevent costly consequences. Continue reading to explore the leading causes of commercial roof leaks, how to identify them, and the best solutions for effective repairs.

The Most Common Causes and Types of Roof Leaks

Many factors can contribute to commercial roof leaks, from weather-related damage to poor installation. Below, we break down the most frequent causes and types of roof leaks and how you can address them before they lead to significant problems.

1. Punctures and Tears in Roofing Membrane

Commercial roofing systems often rely on single-ply membranes like TPO, PVC, or EPDM, which provide durability and protection. However, these materials can become compromised over time due to various external factors. Several factors contribute to punctures and tears and types of roof leaks, including:

• Frequent foot traffic from maintenance crews and contractors
• Falling debris, such as tree branches or tools
• Severe weather conditions like hail or strong winds

It may indicate a membrane puncture if you notice water stains on your ceiling or walls. Walk your roof and inspect for visible cuts, tears, or holes in the material. Even small punctures can allow moisture to seep in and cause damage over time.

For minor damage, roofing professionals can apply a specialized patch to seal the affected area. If the damage is extensive, replacing the damaged section of the membrane may be necessary. Regular inspections and maintenance help catch punctures early, preventing them from becoming significant problems.

To keep your roof in top shape, limit unnecessary foot traffic and ensure only authorized personnel access your commercial roof.

2. Poor Drainage Leading to Ponding Water

Standing water is one of the biggest threats to a commercial roof. Water failing to drain correctly can accelerate wear and tear on roofing materials and create leaks. A well-designed commercial roof should have proper drainage to prevent water accumulation. Common causes of ponding water include:

• Clogged drains or gutters due to debris buildup
• Improper roof slope that doesn’t allow water to flow off effectively
• Sunken insulation creates low spots where water collects

Poor drainage could be an issue if you see pools of water remaining on your roof for more than 48 hours after a storm. Over time, this can weaken the roofing material, leading to leaks and structural damage.

Commercial roof leak repair for poor drainage typically involves cleaning or replacing clogged drains, improving the roof’s slope, or installing additional drainage solutions like scuppers and tapered insulation. Addressing drainage problems early or in emergencies can prevent more significant issues.

3. Damaged Flashing and Seals

Flashing is crucial in preventing water from seeping into vulnerable areas of a commercial roof. When it fails, leaks often follow. Flashing is the material used around edges, vents, skylights, and other roof openings to direct water away from seams. Over time, flashing can deteriorate due to:

• Frequent temperature fluctuations causing expansion and contraction
• Poor installation leads to loose or poorly sealed flashing
• Rust, corrosion, or physical damage from storms

If leaks appear around vents, chimneys, or roof edges, damaged flashing may be to blame. Check for cracks, gaps, or rusted areas where water could enter your building.

Replacing damaged flashing and resealing roof penetrations with high-quality sealant can prevent leaks. Roofing experts ensure proper installation and long-term protection against water intrusion and conduct regular inspections to help detect flashing issues early, keeping your commercial roof secure and watertight.

4. Roof Aging and Wear

Even the best roofing materials wear out over time. Exposure to the sun, rain, and fluctuating temperatures can lead to material degradation. All roofing systems degrade due to prolonged exposure to UV rays, extreme temperatures, and weather conditions. As the material ages, it loses flexibility and develops cracks, allowing water to seep through.

Signs of an aging roof include brittle roofing material, cracks, and recurring leaks in multiple areas. If your commercial roof is nearing the end of its expected lifespan, leaks may become more frequent.

While some aging-related leaks can be repaired, a complete re-roofing solution may be necessary for severely worn-out materials. Regular maintenance helps extend the life of your roof with proactive care, reducing the need for premature replacement. A proactive approach ensures your roof remains functional and protects your business for years.

5. HVAC and Ventilation System Leaks

Rooftop equipment like HVAC units and exhaust vents require openings in the roofing system. If these areas are not correctly sealed, leaks can occur. Leaks around rooftop equipment often happen due to:

• Worn or missing caulking
• Loose or damaged vent covers
• Poor initial installation

If you notice water infiltration near rooftop equipment after rainfall, the seals around these units may be compromised.

Regular inspections and resealing around HVAC units and vents prevent water intrusion. If the damage is extensive, replacing the affected roofing sections may be necessary. Staying on top of maintenance helps ensure rooftop equipment remains leak-free and fully functional.t wait for a roofing emergency—schedule a professional inspection today and ensure your roof is ready for every season.

6. Improperly Installed Roofing Materials

A poorly installed roof is one of the leading causes of premature leaks and structural failures. Common installation errors include:

• Using subpar materials
• Improper sealing of seams
• Failure to secure flashing and roof edges

Leaks occurring shortly after installation, uneven roofing materials, or visible gaps and misalignments are signs of a poorly installed roof. A professional roofing company can assess the damage and provide necessary corrections. Choosing a trusted contractor from the start prevents these issues.

Recapping How a Professional Can Help Prevent and Repair Roof Leaks

While minor leaks may seem manageable, attempting DIY repairs on a commercial roof can lead to incomplete fixes, safety hazards, and even warranty voids. Improper patching or sealing can allow leaks to persist beneath the surface, causing structural damage over time.

Hiring an experienced roofing contractor ensures that leaks are addressed correctly the first time. Professionals use specialized tools, high-quality materials, and expert techniques to identify and repair leaks efficiently. They can also conduct thorough inspections to detect potential issues before they become costly problems.

Trusting experts for inspections, repairs, and maintenance saves time, money, and stress. A well-maintained roof means fewer leaks, lower repair costs, and a longer-lasting investment.

Kodiak Roofing Helps Businesses Face Different Types of Roof Leaks

At Kodiak Roofing & Waterproofing, we have more than 30 years of experience and know that commercial roof leaks can be costly and disruptive. We offer expert solutions for proactive care and top-quality installation and re-roofing services. Contact us today to protect your investment with our trusted team.